Diabetic Macular Edema With and Without Subfoveal Neuroretinal Detachment: Two Different Morphologic and Functional Entities

To assess specific morphologic and functional characteristics in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) with subfoveal neuroretinal detachment (SND+) vs DME without SND (SND-)

Hyperreflective Intraretinal Foci as an OCT Biomarker of Retinal Inflammation in Diabetic Macular Edema

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Aqueous Humor Biomarkers of M\ufcller Cell Activation in Diabetic Eyes.

PURPOSE: To identify early biomarkers of retinal M\ufcller cell activation in diabetic eyes with or without clinically detectable signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional comparative case series. The aqueous humor (AH) of 34 eyes was collected in 12 healthy controls, 11 diabetic patients without DR, and 11 diabetic patients with nonproliferative DR. Full ophthalmic examination and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography were performed in all eyes. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), aquaporin 1 (AQP1), and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) were quantified in AH samples as biomarkers of M\ufcller cell activity by ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer post hoc test. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the age among the three groups. Mean concentration of GFAP, AQP1, and AQP4 significantly increased in diabetic eyes versus controls (P < 0.05, for each comparison). Glial fibrillary acidic protein and AQP1 showed an approximate 2-fold increase, whereas AQP4 showed an approximate 25-fold increase in diabetics with DR versus controls. In diabetics without DR, AQP4 showed an approximate 6-fold increase versus controls. CONCLUSIONS: Glial fibrillary acidic protein, AQP1, and AQP4-biomarkers of M\ufcller cell activity-are significantly increased in human eyes with diabetes, confirming that M\ufcller cells are precociously affected by diabetes mellitus

Proteomics Reveals How the Tardigrade Damage Suppressor Protein Teaches Transfected Human Cells to Survive UV-C Stress

The genome sequencing of the tardigrade Ramazzottius varieornatus revealed a unique nucleosome-binding protein named damage suppressor (Dsup), which was discovered to be crucial for the extraordinary abilities of tardigrades in surviving extreme stresses, such as UV. Evidence in Dsup-transfected human cells suggests that Dsup mediates an overall response in DNA damage signaling, DNA repair, and cell cycle regulation, resulting in an acquired resistance to stress. Given these promising outcomes, our study attempts to provide a wider comprehension of the molecular mechanisms modulated by Dsup in human cells and to explore the Dsup-activated molecular pathways under stress. We performed a differential proteomic analysis of Dsup-transfected and control human cells under basal conditions and at 24 h recovery after exposure to UV-C. We demonstrate via enrichment and network analyses, for the first time, that even in the absence of external stimuli, and more significantly, after stress, Dsup activates mechanisms involved with the unfolded protein response, the mRNA processing and stability, cytoplasmic stress granules, the DNA damage response, and the telomere maintenance. In conclusion, our results shed new light on Dsup-mediated protective mechanisms and increases our knowledge of the molecular machineries of extraordinary protection against UV-C stress

Role of phytotherapy associated with antibiotic prophylaxis in female patients with recurrent urinary tract infections

Objective: Aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a phytotherapic which includes Solidago, Orthosiphon and Birch extract (Cistimev®) in association with antibiotic prophylaxis in female patients affected by recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIr). Materials and methods: Patients affected by UTIr older than 18 years started a 3-months antibiotic prophylaxis (Prulifloxacin 600 mg, 1 cps/week or Phosphomicyn 1 cachet/week) according to antibiogram after urine culture. The patients were divided in 2 groups: Group A: antibiotic prophylaxis plus phytotherapy (1 cps/die for 3 months) and Group B: antibiotic prophylaxis alone. Results: 164 consecutive patients were studied: 107 were included in group A (mean age 59 ± 17.3 years) and 57 (mean age 61 ± 15.7) in group B. During the treatment period the relapse frequencies between the two groups were not significantly different (p = 0.854): 12/107 (11.21%) patients interrupted the treatment for UTIr in group A and 6/57 (10.52%) in group B. In the long term follow-up the relapse UTI risk was significant different in the two groups with a relapse risk 2.5 greater in group B than in group A (p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that in female patients affected by recurrent UTI, the association between antibiotic prophylaxis and of a phytotherapic which includes Solidago, Orthosiphon and Birch extract reduced the number of UTI in the 12 months following the end of prophylaxis and obtained a longer relapsing time, greatly improving the quality of life of the patients

DIAGNÓSTICO E ANÁLISE DO DESCARTE DE MEDICAMENTOS REALIZADOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE XAXIM-SC

The search for new technologies and the advancement of science in the pharmaceutical industry, together with the media, have contributed to the unbridled consumption of medicines, causing an accumulation of expired medicines or medicines that are no longer being used and, because of this, they are disposed of in regular garbage or landfills. The objective of the present study was to diagnose the destination given to expired or unused medicines in homes. For this, a field research was carried out with the residents of the Germanic Quarter of the city of Xaxim, investigating the degree of knowledge of the interviewees about the existence of appropriate places for the disposal of medicines. The research was carried out in loco, in residences, between April 22 and May 31, 2019. Data collection took place after the presentation of the research objectives and signature of the consent form of the interviewee. The study had the participation of 76 individuals, of which 61 were female and the remaining 15 were male. It was found that most respondents have little knowledge about the consequences of incorrect disposal of medicines. It is concluded that more than half of the interviewees (56%) have the habit of disposing of drugs properly in the Central Health Institution of the Municipality.La búsqueda de nuevas tecnologías y el avance de la ciencia en la industria farmacéutica, junto con los medios de comunicación, han contribuido al consumo desenfrenado de medicamentos, provocando una acumulación de medicamentos caducados o que ya no se utilizan y, por ello, se eliminan en la basura normal o en vertederos. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo diagnosticar el destino que se le da a los medicamentos vencidos o no utilizados en los domicilios. Para ello, se realizó una investigación de campo con los pobladores del Barrio Germánico de la ciudad de Xaxim, indagando el grado de conocimiento de los entrevistados sobre la existencia de lugares apropiados para el desecho de medicamentos. La investigación fue realizada in loco, en residencias, entre el 22 de abril y el 31 de mayo de 2019. La recolección de datos ocurrió después de la presentación de los objetivos de la investigación y firma del consentimiento informado del entrevistado. El estudio contó con la participación de 76 individuos, de los cuales 61 fueron del sexo femenino y los 15 restantes del sexo masculino. Se constató que la mayoría de los encuestados tienen poco conocimiento sobre las consecuencias del descarte incorrecto de medicamentos. Se concluye que más de la mitad de los entrevistados (56%) tienen el hábito de desechar adecuadamente los medicamentos en la Institución Central de Salud del Municipio.A busca por novas tecnologias e o avanço da ciência na indústria farmacêutica, em conjunto com a mídia, contribuíram para o consumo desenfreado pelo uso de medicamentos, originando um acúmulo de medicamentos vencidos ou que já não estão sendo utilizados e, por conta disso, são descartados no lixo comum ou em aterros. O objetivo do presente estudo foi diagnosticar a destinação dada aos medicamentos vencidos ou em desuso nas residências. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com os moradores do Bairro Germânico do município de Xaxim, investigando o grau de conhecimento dos entrevistados sobre a existência de locais apropriados para o descarte de medicamentos. A pesquisa foi realizada in loco, em residências, entre os dias 22 de abril e 31 de maio de 2019. A coleta de dados ocorreu após a apresentação dos objetivos da pesquisa e assinatura do termo de consentimento do entrevistado. O estudo contou com a participação de 76 indivíduos, sendo que destes 61 pertencem ao sexo feminino e os 15 restantes ao sexo masculino. Foi constatado que a maioria dos entrevistados apresentam pouco conhecimento sobre as consequências do descarte incorreto de medicamentos.&nbsp; Conclui-se que mais da metade dos entrevistados (56%) possui o hábito de descartar os fármacos de maneira adequada na Instituição de Saúde Central do Município

DIAGNÓSTICO E ANÁLISE DO DESCARTE DE MEDICAMENTOS REALIZADOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE XAXIM-SC

The search for new technologies and the advancement of science in the pharmaceutical industry, together with the media, have contributed to the unbridled consumption of medicines, causing an accumulation of expired medicines or medicines that are no longer being used and, because of this, they are disposed of in regular garbage or landfills. The objective of the present study was to diagnose the destination given to expired or unused medicines in homes. For this, a field research was carried out with the residents of the Germanic Quarter of the city of Xaxim, investigating the degree of knowledge of the interviewees about the existence of appropriate places for the disposal of medicines. The research was carried out in loco, in residences, between April 22 and May 31, 2019. Data collection took place after the presentation of the research objectives and signature of the consent form of the interviewee. The study had the participation of 76 individuals, of which 61 were female and the remaining 15 were male. It was found that most respondents have little knowledge about the consequences of incorrect disposal of medicines. It is concluded that more than half of the interviewees (56%) have the habit of disposing of drugs properly in the Central Health Institution of the Municipality.La búsqueda de nuevas tecnologías y el avance de la ciencia en la industria farmacéutica, junto con los medios de comunicación, han contribuido al consumo desenfrenado de medicamentos, provocando una acumulación de medicamentos caducados o que ya no se utilizan y, por ello, se eliminan en la basura normal o en vertederos. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo diagnosticar el destino que se le da a los medicamentos vencidos o no utilizados en los domicilios. Para ello, se realizó una investigación de campo con los pobladores del Barrio Germánico de la ciudad de Xaxim, indagando el grado de conocimiento de los entrevistados sobre la existencia de lugares apropiados para el desecho de medicamentos. La investigación fue realizada in loco, en residencias, entre el 22 de abril y el 31 de mayo de 2019. La recolección de datos ocurrió después de la presentación de los objetivos de la investigación y firma del consentimiento informado del entrevistado. El estudio contó con la participación de 76 individuos, de los cuales 61 fueron del sexo femenino y los 15 restantes del sexo masculino. Se constató que la mayoría de los encuestados tienen poco conocimiento sobre las consecuencias del descarte incorrecto de medicamentos. Se concluye que más de la mitad de los entrevistados (56%) tienen el hábito de desechar adecuadamente los medicamentos en la Institución Central de Salud del Municipio.A busca por novas tecnologias e o avanço da ciência na indústria farmacêutica, em conjunto com a mídia, contribuíram para o consumo desenfreado pelo uso de medicamentos, originando um acúmulo de medicamentos vencidos ou que já não estão sendo utilizados e, por conta disso, são descartados no lixo comum ou em aterros. O objetivo do presente estudo foi diagnosticar a destinação dada aos medicamentos vencidos ou em desuso nas residências. Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com os moradores do Bairro Germânico do município de Xaxim, investigando o grau de conhecimento dos entrevistados sobre a existência de locais apropriados para o descarte de medicamentos. A pesquisa foi realizada in loco, em residências, entre os dias 22 de abril e 31 de maio de 2019. A coleta de dados ocorreu após a apresentação dos objetivos da pesquisa e assinatura do termo de consentimento do entrevistado. O estudo contou com a participação de 76 indivíduos, sendo que destes 61 pertencem ao sexo feminino e os 15 restantes ao sexo masculino. Foi constatado que a maioria dos entrevistados apresentam pouco conhecimento sobre as consequências do descarte incorreto de medicamentos.&nbsp; Conclui-se que mais da metade dos entrevistados (56%) possui o hábito de descartar os fármacos de maneira adequada na Instituição de Saúde Central do Município